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Japan
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For a topic outline on this subject, see List of basic Japan topics. For other uses, see Japan (disambiguation).
日本国
Nihon-koku
Japan
Flag
Imperial Seal
Anthem: Kimi ga Yo (君が代, Kimi ga Yo?)
Capital
(and largest city)
Tokyo (de facto) 1
35°41′N, 139°46′E
Official languages
Japanese [日本語] (de facto)
Demonym
Japanese
Government
Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional monarchy
 - 
Emperor
Akihito
 - 
Prime Minister
Yasuo Fukuda
Formation
 - 
National Foundation Day
February 11, 660 BC3 
 - 
Meiji Constitution
November 29, 1890 
 - 
Current constitution
May 3, 1947 
 - 
Treaty of
San Francisco
April 28, 1952 
Area
 - 
Total
377,873 km² (62nd)
145,883 sq mi 
 - 
Water (%)
0.8
Population
 - 
2007 estimate
127,433,494 (10th)
 - 
2004 census
127,333,002 
 - 
Density
337/km² (30th)
872.8/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2007 estimate
 - 
Total
$4.346 trillion[1] (3rd)
 - 
Per capita
$33,800[2] (24th)
GDP (nominal)
2007 estimate
 - 
Total
$4.886 trillion[3] (2nd)
 - 
Per capita
$38,341 (14th)
Gini 
38.1 (2002)[4] 
HDI (2007)
▲ 0.953 (high) (8th)
Currency
International Symbol ¥ Pronounced (Yen)
Japanese Symbol 円 Pronounced (En)
(JPY)
Time zone
JST (UTC+9)
Internet TLD
.jp
Calling code
+81
1
Yokohama is the largest incorporated city.
2
"World Factbook; Japan—Economy". CIA (2006-12-19). Retrieved on 2006-12-28.
3
According to legend, Japan was founded on this date by the Emperor Jimmu, first emperor of Japan; it is seen as largely symbolic.
This article contains Japanese text.
Without proper rendering support,
you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of kanji or kana.
Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon?, officially 日本国 Nippon-koku?·i or Nihon-koku) is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes identified as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Japan comprises over 3,000 islands[5] making it an archipelago. The largest islands are Honshū, Hokkaidō, Kyūshū and Shikoku, together accounting for 97% of Japan's land area. Most of the islands are mountainous, many volcanic; for example, Japan’s highest peak, Mount Fuji, is a volcano. Japan has the world's tenth largest population, with about 128 million people. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents.
Archaeological research indicates that people were living on the islands of Japan as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan begins with brief appearances in Chinese history texts from the first century AD.
Influence from the outside world followed by long periods of isolation has characterized Japan's history. Since adopting its constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and an elected parliament, the Diet.
A major economic power,[6] Japan has the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP, after the United States. It is a member of the United Nations, G8, G4, OECD and APEC, with the world's fifth largest defense budget. It is also the world's fourth largest exporter and sixth largest importer and a world leader in technology and machinery.

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