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Finland
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Coordinates: 64°33′28″N 26°19′24″E / 64.557881, 26.323242
This article is about the country in northern Europe. For other uses, see Finland (disambiguation).
Suomen tasavalta
Republiken Finland
Republic of Finland
Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem: Maamme  (Finnish)
Vårt land  (Swedish)
"Our Land"
Location of  Finland  (dark green)
– on the European continent  (light green & dark grey)
– in the European Union  (light green)  —  [Legend]
Capital
(and largest city)
Helsinki
60°10′N, 24°56′E
Official languages
Finnish, Swedish
Demonym
Finnish, Finn
Government
Parliamentary republic1
 - 
President
Tarja Halonen (sd)
 - 
Prime Minister
Matti Vanhanen (c)
Independence
from Russian Empire 
 - 
Autonomy
March 29, 1809 
 - 
Declared
December 6, 1917 
 - 
Recognised
January 4, 1918 
EU accession
January 1, 1995
Area
 - 
Total
338,145 km² (65th)
130,558 sq mi 
 - 
Water (%)
10,0
Population
 - 
2008 estimate
5,312,358[1] (111th)
 - 
2000 census
5,155,000 
 - 
Density
16/km² (201st)
40/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2005 estimate
 - 
Total
$163 billion (52nd)
 - 
Per capita
$34,819 (12th)
GDP (nominal)
2005 estimate
 - 
Total
$193.491 billion (31st)
 - 
Per capita
$44,912 (12th)
Gini (2000)
26.9 (low) 
HDI (2007)
▲ 0.952 (high) (11th)
Currency
Euro (€)² (EUR)
Time zone
EET (UTC+2)
 - 
Summer (DST)
EEST (UTC+3)
Internet TLD
.fi, .ax ³
Calling code
+358
1
Semi-presidential system
2
Before 2002: Finnish markka
3
The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Finland, officially the Republic of Finland[2] (Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info)), is a Nordic country situated in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe. It has borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, and Norway to the north, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland. The capital city is Helsinki.
Around 5.3 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern part of country.[1] It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. Most Finns are native in Finnish, which is related to Estonian and is one of the few official EU languages not of Indo-European origin. The other national language, Swedish, is spoken natively by 5.5 percent of the population.[3] Finland is a democratic, parliamentary republic with a central government and local governments in 415 municipalities. Greater Helsinki (including Helsinki, Espoo, and Vantaa) totals a million residents and a third of the GDP. Other major cities include Tampere, Turku, and Oulu.
Finland was historically part of Sweden and from 1809 an autonomous Grand Duchy within the Russian Empire. Finland's declaration of independence in 1917 from Russia was followed by a civil war, wars against the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, and a period of official neutrality during the Cold War. Finland joined the United Nations in 1955 and the European Union in 1995 and participates in the Eurozone. Today, Finland is ranked the second most stable country in the world, based on social, economic, political, and military indicators.[4]
Finland has seen excellent results in many international comparisons of national performance such as the share of high-technology manufacturing, the rate of gross domestic product growth, and the protection of civil liberties.[5]

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